Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast Among Omani Women: A Case Series and a Literature Review
Bahaaeldin Baraka,
Al Kharusi Suad,
Al Farsi Abdulaziz
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
47-50
Received:
21 August 2019
Accepted:
6 September 2019
Published:
10 October 2019
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer in women worldwide. In 2012, an estimated of 100,000 cases of invasive breast cancer were diagnosed in the United States. The histopathology type is predominantly ductal in about 70–80% of patients followed by invasive lobular carcinoma in 5–15% of case. Invasive papillary carcinomas of the breast are rare, accounting for less than 1-2% of invasive breast cancers. Occasionally the disease is found in men as well. Papillary carcinoma most frequently occurs in older and post-menopausal women. Triple assessment is essential to reach the diagnosis. The typical sonographic appearance of IPC is of hypoechoic area with soft tissue echoes emerging from the wall of the cyst. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma is a luminal-type breast cancer with a propensity for lymphovascular invasion and regional lymph-node metastasis. Intracystic papillary breast cancer (IPC) is best managed in the context of a multidisciplinary team. Surgical excision of the lump with margins in excess of 2 mm is considered satisfactory. Many studies suggest that papillary carcinoma may have a better prognosis than invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). However, the little available information about papillary carcinoma of the breast underscores the need for further management related studies.
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer in women worldwide. In 2012, an estimated of 100,000 cases of invasive breast cancer were diagnosed in the United States. The histopathology type is predominantly ductal in about 70–80% of patients followed by invasive lobular carcinoma in 5–15% of case. Invasive papillary carcinomas of th...
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The Association Between Guideline-concordant Care and Risk for Breast Cancer and Non-breast Cancer Mortality Among Older Women with Breast Cancer
Traci Le Masters,
Suresh Madhavan,
Usha Sambamoorthi
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
51-61
Received:
20 August 2019
Accepted:
6 September 2019
Published:
11 October 2019
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine how receipt of guideline-concordant care (GCC) is associated with breast cancer-specific mortality (BCSM) and non-breast cancer mortality (NBCM) among older women with breast cancer. The SEER-Medicare data was used to identify 142, 433 women age > 66 diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer between 2007-2011. Receipt of GCC was determined according to evidence-based treatment guidelines. Cause-specific Cox proportional hazard multivariable regression models were used to estimate the association between GCC and the risk of BCSM, considering NBCM as a competing event, and NBCM, considering BCSM as a competing event, within five years of diagnosis or until end of follow-up. Among older women with breast cancer, 6.5% experienced BCSM and 11.9% experienced NBCM. GCC was associated with a 24% decreased risk of BCSM (AHR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.71-0.82), but a 80% increased risk of NBCM (AHR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.70-1.92). Receipt of adjuvant endocrine therapy was associated with an increased risk of BCSM and a decreased risk for NBCM. Receipt of chemotherapy was associated with an increased risk for BCSM and NBCM, while radiation therapy was associated with a decreased risk of NBCM. Women with a pre-existing dementia, arthritis, hypertension, stroke and increased comorbidity burden had an increased risk for BCSM. Most older breast cancer patients do not receive GCC, yet relatively few die from breast cancer. While GCC does decrease the risk of BCSM, the decision to treat should be made considering the patients existing health status, given that pre-existing comorbidity increases the risk for both BCSM and NBCM. Mortality differences associated with specific types of treatment may be attributed to patient selection for treatment based on worse cancer prognostic factors.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine how receipt of guideline-concordant care (GCC) is associated with breast cancer-specific mortality (BCSM) and non-breast cancer mortality (NBCM) among older women with breast cancer. The SEER-Medicare data was used to identify 142, 433 women age > 66 diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer between 2007-201...
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Prognostic Value of Tumor Stem Cells and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Expression in Patients with Primary Cutaneous Melanoma
Titov Konstantin Sergeevich,
Kazakov Alexey Mikhailovich,
Baryshnikova Maria Anatolievna,
Zaryanov Dmitry Albertovich,
Ryabchikov Denis Anatolyevich
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
62-68
Received:
16 September 2019
Accepted:
7 October 2019
Published:
20 October 2019
Abstract: Melanoma is the most aggressive cutaneous neoplasm. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may be one of the reasons for the low sensitivity of melanoma to chemotherapy, the short curative effect and the development of resistance to the targeted therapy, as well as the lack of efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitors and disease relapses. The aim of our the study was to determine the influence of the expression of stem cells markers (АВСВ5 и CD133) and tyrosine kinases of mutated Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) genes found in primary tumors on survival of patients with stage I-II cutaneous melanomas. Materials of 48 patients with melanoma were used, and their morphological parameters (tumor thickness, invasion level, lymphoid infiltration) were assessed. The expression of CSCs markers, mutant kinases was determined using the immunohistochemical method. The statistical significance of the influence of the parameters studied on the overall (OS) and 2-year relapse-free (RFS) survival was assessed by calculating the correlation coefficient using the rank method. Stem cell markers were found in 25 (52%) of 48 patients with cutaneous melanomas. ABCB5 was expressed in 20 (54%), CD133 was expressed in 17 (46%) patients. The co-expression of both markers was observed in 12 patients (32%). The 2-year OS in the group with CSC markers expressed (first group) was 76%, whereas in the group w/o such markers expressed (second group), the OS was 91.31%. The rates of RFS also differed between the two groups: in the first, RFS was 80%, and in the second one, it reached 91.31%. CD133 marker was found in 80% of the first group patients with metastases and relapses. A strong correlation was found between the increase percentage of cells expressing CD133 and the increase invasion level. (P=0.879 ±0.107). A strong correlation was found between the increase percentage of cells expressing ABCB5 and the increase tumor thickness. (P=0.943 ±0.088). The expression of mutant ALK was found in 28% of patients with CSC markers detected, and no statistically significant correlation between the prognosis and the presence of ALK was found. ABCB5 and CD133+ are promising markers of tumor stem cells applicable to predicting the clinical course of primary cutaneous melanomas. A correlation between АВСВ5 and CD133 markers and a number of morphological parameters shows the importance of their study for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of melanoma carcinogenesis. The inhibition of ABCB5 and CD133+ markers and mutant ALK may serve as a target for the therapy for melanoma in perspective.
Abstract: Melanoma is the most aggressive cutaneous neoplasm. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may be one of the reasons for the low sensitivity of melanoma to chemotherapy, the short curative effect and the development of resistance to the targeted therapy, as well as the lack of efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitors and disease relapses. The aim of our the st...
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